Fauna
Mammal

Olive Baboon

Papio anubis

Also known as Anubis Baboon

Olive baboons thrive in dynamic troops ranging from a dozen to over one hundred individuals, relying on complex dominance hierarchies and groom-partner bonds. Foraging on foot throughout the day, these adaptable primates consume everything from tender grasses and roots to bird eggs and young gazelles. At dusk, troops retreat into tall trees or cliff faces to sleep safely beyond the reach of nocturnal predators.

DiurnalSocialOmnivore
Olive Baboon reference1 / 7
(c) Lip Kee, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) · cc-by-sa
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Least ConcernConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXLeast ConcernRed List categories, explained →
Key facts
Diet & preyGrasses and seeds, Fallen fruit, Insects and small vertebrates
Predators
  • Leopard
  • Lion
  • Spotted Hyena
ThreatsHabitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, retaliatory hunting
HabitatsSavannahs, open woodlands, steppes, montane forests
Life span20–30 years in the wild
Classification
  1. OrderPrimates
  2. FamilyCercopithecidae
  3. GenusPapio
  4. SpeciesPapio anubis
Range & activity
Native
Safe observation
Interaction riskHigh
  1. Low
  2. Moderate
  3. High
  4. Very high
Why interaction risk is high
Capable of inflicting severe bites when threatened or defending troops; maintain a respectful distance.
Why it is dangerous
Possesses formidable canine teeth and powerful jaws capable of delivering severe puncture wounds when provoked or guarding food.
How to recognize a risky encounter
Look for a coarse green-grey coat, a long dog-like muzzle, and a distinct broken-tail profile where the tail erects before drooping.
What to do
Maintain a safe distance, back away slowly if approached, and never offer food or carry visible edible items nearby.
Responsible observation
  • Observe from distance: Keep at least 15 to 20 meters away, as large males actively defend their troop.
  • Secure food: Store all food inside sealed containers to prevent troops from raiding vehicles or packs.
  • Avoid direct gaze: Refrain from prolonged eye contact or displaying teeth, which baboons interpret as aggression.
Related species
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Emerald Kingdom

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