Passer montanus

Also known as Eurasian Tree Sparrow, German Sparrow, Mountain Sparrow

Eurasian tree sparrows are highly social, bustling songbirds that colonize open woodlands, farmlands, and urban parks in noisy, tight-knit flocks. They construct untidy, domed nests of grass and feathers in tree cavities, old buildings, or nest boxes, often raising multiple broods each year. Their cheerful, metallic chirping calls form a constant acoustic backdrop across their vast Eurasian and introduced ranges.