Also known as Pencil Tree, Firestick Plant, Milk Bush, Indian Tree Spurge
Pencil tree produces a dense green tangled brush of slender, smooth branches that carry out photosynthesis in place of true leaves, which drop quickly after emerging. When broken or damaged, these stems exude a copious white sap that serves as a chemical defense against herbivores and pests. Highly drought-tolerant and resilient, it spreads easily across dry brushland and rocky hillsides in its native African habitat and worldwide tropical landscapes.
Exudes a caustic white latex that causes severe skin burns, inflammation, and temporary blindness if splashed in eyes.
Why it is dangerous
Latex contains irritant diterpene esters that cause painful blistering, severe dermatitis, and corneal inflammation or temporary blindness if exposed to the eyes.
How to recognize a risky encounter
Identified by smooth, cylindrical green pencil-like branches that release a thick milky sap immediately when cut or snapped.
What to do
Wear protective gloves and eye protection when pruning or handling, and wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water immediately if contact occurs.
Responsible observation
Eye Safety: Always wear safety goggles when pruning or propagating stems to prevent sap splashes.
Garden Placement: Plant away from high-traffic pathways, play areas, and places frequented by curious pets.
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