Plant · GBIF taxon 8351737
common ivy
Hedera helixAlso known as English Ivy, European Ivy
Common ivy climbs vigorously using tiny aerial rootlets that cling to bark, stone, and brickwork. It produces two distinct growth forms: juvenile trailing stems with lobed leaves, and mature erect stems with unlobed leaves that bear spherical clusters of yellowish-green flowers late in autumn. These late blooms provide a critical nectar source for bees and hoverflies when few other plants are flowering.
EvergreenClimbing VinePollinator-Friendly
1 / 7—observations
—countries
—peak records
Least ConcernConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXLeast ConcernRed List categories, explained →
Diet & prey
- Autotrophic (Photosynthetic)
Predators
- Deer
- Sheep
- Caterpillars
ThreatsHabitat clearance in native ranges; intensive removal as an invasive weed in non-native areas
HabitatsWoodlands, hedgerows, stone walls, urban spaces, and disturbed ground
Life span100 to 400 years
Size / weightNot available
Classification
- OrderApiales
- FamilyAraliaceae
- GenusHedera
- SpeciesHedera helix
Range data is not available yet.
Interaction riskHigh
- Low
- Moderate
- High
- Very high
- Why interaction risk is high
- All parts contain sap that irritates skin and toxic saponins if ingested; wild berries have toxic look-alikes.
- Why it is dangerous
- Contains falcarinol and triterpenoid saponins, which trigger contact dermatitis on skin and severe gastrointestinal upset if swallowed.
- How to recognize a risky encounter
- Look for glossy dark green lobed leaves on trailing vines or unlobed oval leaves near winter black berry clusters.
- What to do
- Wear thick gloves and long sleeves when clearing vine growth, and keep pets away from fallen berries.
Responsible observation
- Gardening Caution: Wear gloves when pruning to avoid allergic skin reactions from sap exposure.
- Wildlife Value: Leave mature flowering sections intact to feed late-season pollinators and nesting birds.
- Structural Safety: Avoid tearing mature vines off old masonry, as clinging rootlets can dislodge loose mortar.
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