Fauna
Mammal

Plains Coyote

Canis latrans latrans

Also known as Prairie Wolf, American Jackal, Brush Wolf

Plains coyotes roam the vast grasslands and prairies of North America, using sharp senses and high intelligence to thrive in rapidly changing landscapes. Known for their versatile vocal repertoire, these adaptable canids communicate across miles with yips, barks, and long-range howls at twilight. They maintain tight-knit family units, hunting small rodents individually or coordinating in small packs to bring down larger prey.

AdaptableVocalCrepuscular
Plains Coyote reference
Madeleine H. / CC BY 2.0 · cc-by
—observations
—countries
—peak records
Least ConcernConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXLeast ConcernRed List categories, explained →
Key facts
Diet & preyCottontail Rabbit, Prairie Dog, White-Footed Mouse
Predators
  • Gray Wolf
  • Cougar
  • Human
ThreatsPersecution by humans, vehicle collisions, and habitat fragmentation
HabitatsGrasslands, prairies, open woodlands, agricultural fields, and urban fringes
Life span10–14 years in the wild
Classification
  1. FamilyCanidae
  2. SpeciesCanis latrans latrans
Range & activity
Range data is not available yet.
Safe observation
Interaction riskModerate
  1. Low
  2. Moderate
  3. High
  4. Very high
Why interaction risk is moderate
Can bite if cornered or habituated to humans; maintain a safe distance and keep pets leashed.
Why it is dangerous
Capable of delivering severe bites when cornered or habituated, and can carry diseases like rabies.
How to recognize a risky encounter
Look for a medium-sized canid with tawny-grey fur, a bushy black-tipped tail, and large erect ears.
What to do
Keep at least 25 meters away, leash domestic pets, and make loud noises to deter bold individuals.
Responsible observation
  • Maintain Distance: Never approach coyotes or offer them food, which causes harmful habituation.
  • Protect Pets: Keep cats indoors and small dogs on a short leash, especially near dawn and dusk.
  • Haze When Needed: Stand tall, wave arms, and make loud noises if a coyote approaches human spaces.
Related species
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