Reptile · GBIF taxon 6162132
Bullsnake
Pituophis catenifer sayiAlso known as Blow Snake, Gopher Snake, Pine Snake
Bullsnakes are powerful, heavy-bodied constrictors that play a vital role in controlling rodent populations across North American prairies and open woodlands. When threatened, they perform an elaborate bluff display by inflating their bodies, loudly hissing through a specialized glottis flap, and rapidly vibrating their tails against dry vegetation. Females lay clutches of large, leathery eggs in underground burrows or soft, sandy soil during midsummer.
ConstrictorReptileDiurnal
—observations
—countries
—peak records
Least ConcernConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXLeast ConcernRed List categories, explained →
Diet & prey
- Pocket Gopher
- Vole
- Ground Squirrel
Predators
- Red-tailed Hawk
- Coyote
- Badger
ThreatsRoad mortality, habitat loss, human persecution
HabitatsPrairies, grasslands, oak savannas, agricultural fields
Life span12–25 years
Size / weightNot available
Classification
- FamilyColubridae
- SpeciesPituophis catenifer sayi
Range data is not available yet.
Interaction riskLow
- Low
- Moderate
- High
- Very high
- Why interaction risk is low
- Non-venomous but delivers a painful bite when cornered; observe from a safe distance.
- Why it is dangerous
- Lacks venom but possesses sharp teeth and strong jaw pressure that can inflict deep puncture wounds and minor lacerations.
- How to recognize a risky encounter
- Features heavy-bodied scaling with yellow or tan ground color, dark rectangular blotches, and a distinctive pointed snout.
- What to do
- Step back if the snake coils, hisses loudly, or vibrates its tail, giving it an unblocked escape path.
Responsible observation
- Give space: Allow several meters when observing defensively coiled individuals.
- Listen closely: Listen for their loud, deep hiss, caused by an epiglottic valve.
- Do not handle: Avoid picking up wild individuals as they will strike and bite repeatedly.
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