Fauna
Invertebrate

Five-slotted Sand Dollar

Mellita quinquiesperforata

Also known as Keyhole Sand Dollar, Five-hole Sand Dollar, Keyhole Urchin

Five-slotted sand dollars glide beneath shallow coastal sands, using thousands of tiny cilia and moveable spines to sift through fine sediment for micro-algae and organic debris. Their distinctive test features five elongated slots called lunules, which help reduce hydrodynamic lift in churning waves and allow sandy currents to pass through smoothly. Feeding actively under the cover of darkness, these flattened echinoderms can manipulate water flow to right themselves whenever strong tides turn them upside down.

MarineBenthicBurrowing
—observations
—countries
—peak records
Not EvaluatedConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXNot Evaluated — not placed on the risk ladderRed List categories, explained →
Diet & preyBenthic Diatoms, Organic Detritus, Microalgae
Predators
  • Lined Sea Star
  • Flounder
  • Sheepshead
ThreatsCoastal development, habitat degradation, dredging, and severe storm waves
HabitatsSandy seafloors, coastal bays, and shallow intertidal zones
Life span4–10 years
  1. OrderEchinolampadacea
  2. FamilyMellitidae
  3. GenusMellita
  4. SpeciesMellita quinquiesperforata
Range data is not available yet.
Interaction riskLow
  1. Low
  2. Moderate
  3. High
  4. Very high
Why interaction risk is low
Safe to observe at a normal distance.
Responsible observation
  • Handle with Care: Leave live, fuzzy grey or dark brown specimens in the water, taking only bleached white tests.
  • Spotting Live Specimens: Look for soft velvet-like spines covering the body, which indicate a living sand dollar.
  • Tidepool Observation: Watch shallow sandbars at low tide where these creatures lightly bury themselves in ripples.
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Found in Collections

Ecosystem chain Pro

Coral Currents

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Species set Pro

Shore Life

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