Fauna
Amphibian · GBIF taxon 10807592

Subdesert Toad

Sclerophrys xeros

Also known as Desert Toad, Withered Toad, Savanna Toad

Subdesert toads thrive across northern Africa by aestivating deep underground during dry periods to conserve moisture. When seasonal rains flood ephemeral pools, adults emerge en masse to feed on insects and breed before the water disappears. Their rough, mottled brown skin provides camouflage among dry soils and desert scrubland.

NocturnalArid-AdaptedAmphibian
Subdesert Toad reference
Licensed reference(c) B. P. White, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by B. P. White · cc-by-sa
—observations
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Least ConcernConservation statusIUCN Red List categoriesLCNTVUENCREWEXLeast ConcernRed List categories, explained →
Key facts
Diet & prey
  • Termites
  • Beetles
  • Ants
Predators
  • Snakes
  • Birds of prey
  • Small carnivores
ThreatsExtended droughts, water diversion, habitat degradation
HabitatsDry savanna, dry shrubland, deserts, intermittent rivers
Life span5-10 years
Classification
  1. FamilyBufonidae
  2. SpeciesSclerophrys xeros
Range & activity
Range data is not available yet.
Safe observation
Interaction riskHigh
  1. Low
  2. Moderate
  3. High
  4. Very high
Why interaction risk is high
Skin secretions can irritate eyes and are toxic to pets if ingested; wash hands after handling.
Why it is dangerous
Parotoid glands secrete bufotoxins that cause severe mucosal irritation and vomiting if ingested by pets.
How to recognize a risky encounter
Recognized by dry, warty brown skin and large parotoid glands located behind each eye.
What to do
Do not handle with bare hands, and keep domestic pets away from foraging toads.
Responsible observation
  • Night searches: Look around temporary rainwater pools and illuminated areas after desert rains.
  • Gently observe: Watch feeding behavior from a short distance to avoid startling them.
  • Wash hands: Always clean hands thoroughly if accidental contact with skin secretions occurs.
Related species
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